qfinbox.tvm.basic.future_value

qfinbox.tvm.basic.future_value(present_value: float, rate: float, periods: int, compounding_frequency: int = 1) → float

Calculate future value of a present amount.

Parameters:

• present_value (float) – Present value amount.

• rate (float) – Annual interest rate (as decimal, e.g., 0.05 for 5%).

• periods (int) – Number of periods.

• compounding_frequency (int, default 1) – Number of times interest is compounded per period.

Returns:

Future value.

Return type:

float

Raises:

ValidationError – If any parameter is invalid.

Examples

>>> future_value(1000, 0.05, 10)
1628.89